Question 1

What is the role of the notary in Georgia?

Accepted Answer

The notary authenticates the sale, verifies the identity of the parties, and transmits the deed to the Public Registry. Unlike in France, the notary does not hold funds or ensure tax compliance.

Question 2

Must the contract be written in Georgian?

Accepted Answer

The deed registered in the public registry is in Georgian. RUSTAVELI PROPERTIES consistently provides a certified true French version signed by all parties, with evidential value in case of dispute.

Question 3

Which jurisdiction in case of dispute?

Accepted Answer

Georgian courts have jurisdiction over all real estate disputes. Decisions are enforceable within 6 to 18 months. An international arbitration clause can be included for large investments.

Question 4

Is property truly inviolable?

Accepted Answer

The right to property is enshrined in the Georgian Constitution (Art. 19) and protected by the European Convention on Human Rights. There is no expropriation without prior compensation.

Question 5

Does VEFA (off-plan sale) exist in Georgia?

Accepted Answer

Off-plan sales, as understood in France, do not exist in Georgia. The reservation contract is a civil agreement, and the definitive title deed is only issued upon delivery, making developer selection essential.

Question 6

What delivery guarantee does the developer offer?

Accepted Answer

There is no mandatory financial guarantee. Major developers (Archi, m² Group, Domus, Metropol) are rated by the banks that finance them. RUSTAVELI PROPERTIES only partners with developers who have delivered at least 3 projects.

Question 7

Does the ten-year warranty apply?

Accepted Answer

Georgian law mandates a 5-year warranty on the structure and a 2-year warranty on finishes. Major developers often offer contractual extensions to 10 years.

Question 8

Can I have my contract reviewed by a lawyer?

Accepted Answer

Yes, a Georgian lawyer charges 200 to 500 USD for a full review. RUSTAVELI PROPERTIES works with two English-speaking law firms (Tbilissi and Batumi) and handles coordination.

Question 9

What happens if the developer goes bankrupt?

Accepted Answer

A reservation contract provisionally registered in the Public Registry offers a privileged position in the proceedings. The historical recovery rate exceeds 80% for solvent developers.

Question 10

Do condominiums have mandatory regulations?

Accepted Answer

Since 2019, the law mandates condominium regulations and an annual general meeting. Charges are approved by simple majority and cover maintenance, security, and common areas.

Question 11

Which court has jurisdiction in Tbilissi in case of a dispute?

Accepted Answer

The Tbilissi Municipal Court has initial jurisdiction for local real estate disputes. Appeals are possible before the Regional Court of Appeal and then the Supreme Court of Georgia.

Question 12

Which court has jurisdiction in Batumi in case of a dispute?

Accepted Answer

The Batumi Municipal Court has initial jurisdiction for local real estate disputes. Appeals are possible before the Regional Court of Appeal and then the Supreme Court of Georgia.

Question 13

Which court has jurisdiction in Gonio in case of a dispute?

Accepted Answer

The Gonio Municipal Court has initial jurisdiction for local real estate disputes. Appeals are possible before the Regional Court of Appeal and then the Supreme Court of Georgia.

Question 14

Which court has jurisdiction in Gudauri in case of a dispute?

Accepted Answer

The Gudauri Municipal Court has initial jurisdiction for local real estate disputes. Appeals are possible before the Regional Court of Appeal and then the Supreme Court of Georgia.

Question 15

Which court has jurisdiction in Koutaïssi in case of a dispute?

Accepted Answer

The Koutaïssi Municipal Court has initial jurisdiction for local real estate disputes. Appeals are possible before the Regional Court of Appeal and then the Supreme Court of Georgia.

Question 16

Which court has jurisdiction in Kobuleti in case of a dispute?

Accepted Answer

The Kobuleti Municipal Court has initial jurisdiction for local real estate disputes. Appeals are possible before the Regional Court of Appeal and then the Supreme Court of Georgia.

Question 17

Is a Georgian decision enforceable in France?

Accepted Answer

Exequatur allows for the enforcement of a Georgian decision in France, generally via the Hague Convention. The procedure takes 3 to 12 months depending on the jurisdiction.

Question 18

Is a Georgian decision enforceable in Belgium?

Accepted Answer

Exequatur allows for the enforcement of a Georgian decision in Belgium, generally via the Hague Convention. The procedure takes 3 to 12 months depending on the jurisdiction.

Question 19

Is a Georgian decision enforceable in Switzerland?

Accepted Answer

Exequatur allows for the enforcement of a Georgian decision in Switzerland, generally via the Hague Convention. The procedure takes 3 to 12 months depending on the jurisdiction.

Question 20

Is a Georgian decision enforceable in Canada?

Accepted Answer

Exequatur allows for the enforcement of a Georgian decision in Canada, generally via the Hague Convention. The procedure takes 3 to 12 months depending on the jurisdiction.

Question 21

Is a Georgian decision enforceable in Morocco?

Accepted Answer

Exequatur allows for the enforcement of a Georgian decision in Morocco, generally via the Hague Convention. The procedure takes 3 to 12 months depending on the jurisdiction.

Question 22

Is a Georgian judicial decision enforceable in Tunisia?

Accepted Answer

Exequatur allows for the enforcement of a Georgian decision in Tunisia, generally via the Hague Convention. The procedure takes 3 to 12 months depending on the jurisdiction.

Question 23

Is a Georgian judicial decision enforceable in Algeria?

Accepted Answer

Exequatur allows for the enforcement of a Georgian decision in Algeria, generally via the Hague Convention. The procedure takes 3 to 12 months depending on the jurisdiction.

Question 24

Is a Georgian judicial decision enforceable in Senegal?

Accepted Answer

Exequatur allows for the enforcement of a Georgian decision in Senegal, generally via the Hague Convention. The procedure takes 3 to 12 months depending on the jurisdiction.

Question 25

Is a Georgian judicial decision enforceable in Ivory Coast?

Accepted Answer

Exequatur allows for the enforcement of a Georgian decision in Ivory Coast, generally via the Hague Convention. The procedure takes 3 to 12 months depending on the jurisdiction.

Question 26

Is a Georgian judicial decision enforceable in Lebanon?

Accepted Answer

Exequatur allows for the enforcement of a Georgian decision in Lebanon, generally via the Hague Convention. The procedure takes 3 to 12 months depending on the jurisdiction.

Question 27

Is a Georgian judicial decision enforceable in the United Arab Emirates?

Accepted Answer

Exequatur allows for the enforcement of a Georgian decision in the United Arab Emirates, generally via the Hague Convention. The procedure takes 3 to 12 months depending on the jurisdiction.

Question 28

Is a Georgian judicial decision enforceable in Saudi Arabia?

Accepted Answer

Exequatur allows for the enforcement of a Georgian decision in Saudi Arabia, generally via the Hague Convention. The procedure takes 3 to 12 months depending on the jurisdiction.

Question 29

Is a Georgian judicial decision enforceable in Qatar?

Accepted Answer

Exequatur allows for the enforcement of a Georgian decision in Qatar, generally via the Hague Convention. The procedure takes 3 to 12 months depending on the jurisdiction.

Question 30

Is a Georgian judicial decision enforceable in Turkey?

Accepted Answer

Exequatur allows for the enforcement of a Georgian decision in Turkey, generally via the Hague Convention. The procedure takes 3 to 12 months depending on the jurisdiction.

Legal framework